Toluene
CAS 108-88-3
| Product name | Toluene |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | methylbenzene, toluol, phenylmethane, C7H8, methyl benzene |
| C.A.S. number | 108-88-3 (EC 203-625-9; EU CLP Annex VI Index No. 601-021-00-3) |
| Molecular formula | C7H8 (C6H5CH3) |
| Molecular weight | 92.14 g/mol (PubChem; 92.1384 g/mol NIST) |
| Grade supplied against | 99.8% min (IS 537) · 98.8–99.5% industrial |
| Appearance | Clear, colourless, mobile liquid with a sweet, pungent, benzene-like odour. Odour must not be relied on as a warning property - toluene causes olfactory fatigue |
| Product group | Solvents & Organic Chemicals |
| HSN code | 2902 30 00 |
| Country of origin | As stated on the producer’s documents for the lot supplied; confirmed at offer stage |
| Packing | MS drum 160–180 kg |
| Storage | Fireproof store, containers kept well closed and upright in the original labelled container, cool, well ventilated, out of direct sunlight, away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flame and all ignition sources; no smoking. Separated from strong oxidants and from strong acids and bases. Store in an area with no drain or sewer connection. Bond and earth all containers and transfer equipment; use non-sparking tools and flameproof electrical fittings; nitrogen blanketing and vapour recovery for bulk tanks. Segregate from food and feed. In India toluene's flash point is below 23 C, which makes it petroleum Class A under the Petroleum Act 1934 and the Petroleum Rules 2002: storage above the exempt quantities, and movement in bulk by road, are separately licensed by PESO. Storage and handling also fall under the Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemical Rules 1989. |
| S. No. | Test parameter | Specification | Method |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Description | Clear, colourless, mobile liquid with a sweet, pungent, benzene-like odour. Odour must not be relied on as a warning property - toluene causes olfactory fatigue | Visual |
| 2 | Identification | Conforms to the substance supplied | Instrumental or chemical test, per method agreed |
| 3 | Assay / grade | 99.8% min (IS 537) · 98.8–99.5% industrial | Titrimetry or instrumental, per method agreed |
| 4 | Physical state | Liquid at ambient temperature and pressure | Visual |
| 5 | Solubility in water | Slightly soluble - approximately 526 mg/L at 25 C (PubChem); 573-587 mg/L at 20 C (producer SDS). Miscible with ethanol, diethyl ether, acetone and most organic solvents. It is NOT insoluble, which is why spill containment and the no-drain rule matter | Per the test method agreed |
| 6 | pH | Not applicable (non-aqueous, non-electrolyte). No pH can be measured; a figure of 7 would be meaningless | Potentiometry |
| 7 | Relative density | 0.866-0.867 g/cm3 at 20 C; relative density 0.87 (water = 1) (ILO ICSC 0078; NIOSH). Producer grade range 0.846-0.873 g/cm3 at 15 C. Note: the figure 0.8623 g/cm3 is the 25 C value and is widely mislabelled as 20 C | Densitometry / hydrometry |
| 8 | Melting / freezing point | -95 C (ILO ICSC 0078; NIST triple point 178.15 K; NIOSH -139 F) | Capillary / thermal |
| 9 | Boiling point | 110.6 C at 101.3 kPa (PubChem; NIST 383.8 +/- 0.2 K). ICSC rounds to 111 C | Distillation range |
| 10 | Flash point | 4 C closed cup (ILO ICSC 0078; PubChem). Literature values span 4-6 C closed cup - NIOSH gives 4.4 C (40 F), producer sheets 5-6 C. No authoritative open-cup figure exists. Autoignition 480 C; explosive limits 1.1-7.1 vol% in air | Closed cup |
| 11 | Additional parameters | To the specification agreed before order | As agreed |
UN 1294 · Class Class 3, flammable liquids. No subsidiary risk. ADR classification code F1, label 3 only, Kemler hazard identification number 33, tunnel restriction code (D/E). Not a marine pollutant · Packing group II
Proper shipping name: TOLUENE
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